金融時(shí)報(bào)精讀:華為可參與英國(guó)5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)|雙語(yǔ)
金融時(shí)報(bào)精讀:華為可參與英國(guó)5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)|雙語(yǔ)_新聞資訊_沈陽(yáng)翻譯公司_沈陽(yáng)圣金翻譯有限公司
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據(jù)新聞報(bào)道,英國(guó)當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間1月28日,英國(guó)首相鮑里斯·約翰遜召開(kāi)英國(guó)國(guó)家安全委員會(huì),會(huì)議決定允許華為有限參與英國(guó)5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè):華為可以加入英國(guó)5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)"非核心"部分的建設(shè),其市場(chǎng)占有份額上限為35%。
金融時(shí)報(bào)精讀:華為可以參與英國(guó)5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)
金融時(shí)報(bào)原文:
Whether to allow China’s Huawei to participate in Britain’s 5G networks is one of the most important decisions Boris Johnson’s government will take. Superfast next-generation communications will underpin the "internet of things", smart cities, self-driving cars, even telemedicine. Boris Johnson’s government on Tuesday put itself on a collision course with the US by approving the limited use of Huawei equipment in the UK’s fifth-generation mobile phone networks. The UK National Security Council gave the go-ahead to Huawei but has limited the Chinese telecoms equipment maker to a market share of 35 per cent in the 5G infrastructure and will exclude its kit from the sensitive "core" of the networks.
高齋參考譯文:
是否允許中國(guó)企業(yè)華為參與英國(guó)5G建設(shè),是鮑里斯政府將要作出的一項(xiàng)重大決定。這是因?yàn)?,下一代超高速移?dòng)通信技術(shù)將為"物聯(lián)網(wǎng)"、智慧城市、自動(dòng)駕駛汽車(chē)甚至遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療提供重要支撐。英國(guó)當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間1月28日,鮑里斯政府召開(kāi)會(huì)議宣布允許華為有限參與英國(guó)5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè),此舉引發(fā)了與美國(guó)的沖突。英國(guó)國(guó)家安全委員會(huì)(National Security Council)雖然為華為"開(kāi)了綠燈",但規(guī)定其市場(chǎng)占有份額上限為35%,同時(shí)將華為設(shè)備排除在英國(guó)"核心網(wǎng)"(敏感區(qū)域)之外。
01
第一句:
Whether to allow China’s Huawei to participate in Britain’s 5G networks is one of the most important decisions Boris Johnson’s government will take.
是否允許中國(guó)企業(yè)華為參與英國(guó)5G建設(shè),是鮑里斯政府將要作出的一項(xiàng)重大決定。
1. 句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:句子主干是Whether to allow China’s Huawei to participate in Britain’s 5G networks is one of the most important decisions;Boris Johnson’s government will take是decisions的定語(yǔ)從句。
2. 專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ):5G networks是5G網(wǎng)絡(luò),全稱(chēng)是"第五代移動(dòng)通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)",即5th generation mobile networks,或者說(shuō)fifth-generation mobile phone networks。
3. 同義表達(dá):allow China’s Huawei to participate in Britain’s 5G networks是"允許華為參與英國(guó)5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)"。
"允許華為參與5G建設(shè)"還可以說(shuō)allow Huawei a 5G role。
"a 5G role"多用于標(biāo)題中,比如衛(wèi)報(bào)上有一篇文章叫作Huawei should get a limited 5G role – the US trade deal can wait,金融時(shí)報(bào)上也有一篇UK set to approve limited 5G role for Huawei。文章里出現(xiàn)的時(shí)候大多數(shù)還是使用a (limited) role in ...
所以還可以說(shuō)allow Huawei a limited role in Britain’s 5G networks/in building its 5G networks,如路透社報(bào)道:
Britain will allow Chinese telecoms giant Huawei a limited role in building its 5G networks.
role也可以說(shuō)involvement,即allow/agree a limited involvement of Huawei in Britain’s 5G networks,比如衛(wèi)報(bào)上的這句話:
There is some irony in the Johnson government agreeing a limited involvement of Huawei in Britain’s 5G network.
其中There is some irony in是固定表達(dá),意思是‘頗具諷刺意味的是;諷刺的是’。
4. Boris Johnson:鮑里斯·約翰遜(Boris Johnson),現(xiàn)任英國(guó)首相。
5. 翻譯思維:Boris Johnson’s government翻譯為"鮑里斯政府",不要說(shuō)"鮑里斯?約翰遜政府",就像我們不會(huì)說(shuō)"唐納德·特朗普政府",而是"特朗普政府"一樣。中文的習(xí)慣是一般不會(huì)用全稱(chēng)。
6. 固定搭配:take decisions是固定搭配,表示"作出決定",例如金融時(shí)報(bào)上的這句:
As Mr Lombardi says: "pretty soon the honeymoon will be over and she will have to take decisions."
如隆巴爾迪所言:"蜜月期很快會(huì)結(jié)束,那時(shí)她必須作出決定。"
take也可以替換為make。
7. one of the most important decisions中one of沒(méi)有譯為"……之一",而是將整個(gè)翻譯為"一項(xiàng)重大決定",這樣更符合中文表達(dá)習(xí)慣。
02
第二句:
Superfast next-generation communications will underpin the "internet of things", smart cities, self-driving cars, even telemedicine.
下一代超高速移動(dòng)通信技術(shù)將為"物聯(lián)網(wǎng)"、智慧城市、自動(dòng)駕駛汽車(chē)甚至遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療提供重要支撐。
1. 專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ):Superfast next-generation communications是一個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)表達(dá),表示"下一代超高速移動(dòng)通信技術(shù)"。注意形容詞順序Superfast next-generation communications,是Superfast next-generation。
拓展:"超高速移動(dòng)通信技術(shù)"是專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ),縮寫(xiě)是EUHT(Enhanced Ultra High Throughput)。
其中Throughput也是一個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ),表示"吞吐量",指"對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)、設(shè)備、端口、虛電路或其他設(shè)施,單位時(shí)間內(nèi)成功地傳送數(shù)據(jù)的數(shù)量(以比特、字節(jié)、分組等測(cè)量)"。
2. communications:communication這個(gè)詞既可以是可數(shù)名詞,也可以是不可數(shù)名詞。它可以作可數(shù)名詞,表示"書(shū)信;信息;消息",如:
The ambassador has brought with him a communication from the President.
大使帶來(lái)了總統(tǒng)的口信。
它作不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)表示"表達(dá);交流;交際",如:
Speech is the fastest method of communication between people.
說(shuō)話是人與人之間交流最快捷的方法。
communication不可數(shù)時(shí)也可以表示"通信;交通聯(lián)系",也寫(xiě)作復(fù)數(shù)communications。如:
Snow has prevented communication with the outside world for three days.
大雪使得與外界的通信聯(lián)系中斷了三天。
今天這個(gè)communications表示"通信"。
3. underpin美[??nd?r?p?n]:v. 表示"加強(qiáng);鞏固;構(gòu)成……的基礎(chǔ);支撐",如金融時(shí)報(bào)例句:
The opinion of industry insiders crucially underpins both designations and all price points in between.
內(nèi)行人士的意見(jiàn)對(duì)作品去向以及歷次轉(zhuǎn)手的價(jià)格起到關(guān)鍵的支撐作用。
今天這個(gè)underpin翻譯為"提供重要支撐",增譯程度詞"重要"更通順。
同義替換:"提供重要支撐"也可以說(shuō)provide support for,所以這句也可以寫(xiě)為:
Superfast next-generation communications will provide support for the "internet of things", smart cities, self-driving cars, even telemedicine.
4. 專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ):"internet of things"指"物聯(lián)網(wǎng)",簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)IOT,其核心是萬(wàn)物互聯(lián)。它是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)基礎(chǔ)上的延伸和擴(kuò)展的網(wǎng)絡(luò),將各種信息傳感設(shè)備與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)結(jié)合起來(lái)而形成的一個(gè)巨大網(wǎng)絡(luò),實(shí)現(xiàn)在任何時(shí)間、任何地點(diǎn),人、機(jī)、物的互聯(lián)互通。
5. 專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ):smart cities智慧城市。智慧城市起源于傳媒領(lǐng)域,是指利用各種信息技術(shù)或創(chuàng)新概念,將城市的系統(tǒng)和服務(wù)打通、集成,以提升資源運(yùn)用的效率,優(yōu)化城市管理和服務(wù),以及改善市民生活質(zhì)量。
6. self-driving cars:自動(dòng)駕駛汽車(chē)。也可以說(shuō)self-driving vehicles,如100元31篇外刊翻譯班中這句:
Over time this technology will come to control semi-autonomous and autonomous hardware like self-driving cars and robots, displacing factory workers, construction workers, drivers, delivery workers and many others.
隨著時(shí)間的推移,這種技術(shù)將會(huì)逐步控制自動(dòng)駕駛汽車(chē)、機(jī)器人等半自動(dòng)化和自動(dòng)化硬件,取代工廠工人、建筑工人、司機(jī)、快遞員等眾多從業(yè)者。
7. telemedicine:遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療。遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療是指通過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)、遙感、遙測(cè)、遙控技術(shù)為依托,充分發(fā)揮大醫(yī)院或?qū)?漆t(yī)療中心的醫(yī)療技術(shù)和醫(yī)療設(shè)備優(yōu)勢(shì),對(duì)醫(yī)療條件較差的邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)、海島或艦船上的傷病員進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)距離診斷、治療和咨詢(xún)。
03
第三句:
Boris Johnson’s government on Tuesday put itself on a collision course with the US by approving the limited use of Huawei equipment in the UK’s fifth-generation mobile phone networks.
英國(guó)當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間1月28日,鮑里斯政府召開(kāi)會(huì)議宣布允許華為有限參與英國(guó)5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè),此舉引發(fā)了與美國(guó)的沖突。
1. 句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:句子主干是Boris Johnson’s government put itself on a collision course with the US;by引導(dǎo)的是方式狀語(yǔ)。
2. 翻譯思維:因?yàn)樾侣動(dòng)泻軓?qiáng)的時(shí)效性,on Tuesday最好翻譯為具體的時(shí)間"英國(guó)當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間1月28日"。
3. 固定表達(dá):put itself on a collision course with當(dāng)作固定表達(dá)來(lái)記,put字面意思是把……置于,所以這個(gè)表達(dá)的意思是"使……走上與……沖突的道路/與……站在對(duì)立面"。
如《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》上的這句話:
Such activity increasingly puts Facebook on a collision course with Google, Apple and others in mobile advertising.
Facebook的這種業(yè)務(wù)行為使其在移動(dòng)廣告領(lǐng)域逐漸與谷歌、蘋(píng)果等公司發(fā)生沖突。
還有個(gè)短語(yǔ)叫作be set on a collision course with,表示"勢(shì)必/必然與……發(fā)生沖突",
比如這句:
Britains universities are set on a collision course with the government.
英國(guó)的大學(xué)勢(shì)必將與政府發(fā)生沖突。
所以,原文的put itself on a collision course with the US表示站在了美國(guó)的對(duì)立面。其背景是,美國(guó)正在全球范圍展開(kāi)宣傳戰(zhàn),施壓多個(gè)盟友禁止華為進(jìn)入5G市場(chǎng)。
拓展:put ...表示"把……置于;使處于某種境況",比如金融時(shí)報(bào)上有句話是這么說(shuō)的:
The decision came despite repeated warnings from the US that allowing Huawei equipment in the UK’s 5G networks would put Britain at risk from spying by the Chinese state.
作出這一決定的背景是,美國(guó)一再警告稱(chēng),允許華為設(shè)備進(jìn)入英國(guó)5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)將使英國(guó)面臨***的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
4. 同義替換:approving the limited use of Huawei equipment in the UK’s fifth-generation mobile phone networks表示"允許華為有限參與英國(guó)5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)"。
approve也可以說(shuō)allow,表示允許, networks這個(gè)語(yǔ)境下也可以說(shuō)infrastructure,所以這句還可以說(shuō):
allowing the limited use of equipment made by Huawei in the countrys 5G infrastructure,注意allow常見(jiàn)用法是allow sb to do或allow sb sth。
the limited use of Huawei equipment說(shuō)明是有限參與(approving limited role for Huawei in ),所以這句話也可以說(shuō):
approving limited role for Huawei in the UK’s fifth-generation mobile phone networks,注意介詞是for,approve limited role for。
這里需要注意下approve的用法:
A. 可以表示同意,可以是approve of sth或approve of sb’s doing sth,如:
She doesnt approve of my leaving school this year.
她不同意我今年離校。
Do you approve of my idea?
你同意我的想法嗎?
B. approve也可以直接是approve sth,表示通過(guò)、批準(zhǔn)。
04
第四句:
The UK National Security Council gave the go-ahead to Huawei but has limited the Chinese telecoms equipment maker to a market share of 35 per cent in the 5G infrastructure and will exclude its kit from the sensitive "core" of the networks.
英國(guó)國(guó)家安全委員會(huì)(National Security Council)雖然為華為"開(kāi)了綠燈",但規(guī)定其市場(chǎng)占有份額上限為35%,同時(shí)將華為設(shè)備排除在英國(guó)"核心網(wǎng)"(敏感區(qū)域)之外。
1. 句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:這句話比較長(zhǎng),但沒(méi)有復(fù)雜的句子。重點(diǎn)是找到三個(gè)核心動(dòng)詞gave,has limited以及will exclude。
2. The UK National Security Council:英國(guó)國(guó)家安全委員會(huì)。國(guó)家安全委員會(huì)(The National Security Council,簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)NSC)。
3. 同義表達(dá):gave the go-ahead to是一個(gè)固定表達(dá),意思是"放行;批準(zhǔn),許可;開(kāi)綠燈"。go-ahead這個(gè)詞就表示"批準(zhǔn),許可"。比如經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人上的這句話:
Mr. Wang says Beijing has given the go-ahead to projects covering only about 20% of the planned new area.
王市長(zhǎng)表示,政府只批準(zhǔn)了占新區(qū)面積大約20%的項(xiàng)目。
今天這個(gè)gave the go-ahead to Huawei就表示為華為"開(kāi)綠燈",也就是允許華為參與英國(guó)的5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)。Give sth to sb也可以說(shuō)give sb sth,所以gave the go-ahead to Huawei也可以說(shuō)gave Huawei the go-ahead。
gave the go-ahead to Huawei也可以說(shuō)gave the green light to Huawei.
"在……方面給誰(shuí)開(kāi)綠燈"還可以說(shuō)give the green light to,give ... a pass on ...。
比如《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》上是這么說(shuō)的:
Huawei was given the green light to build part of Britain’s next-generation 5G cellular network.
還比如路透社報(bào)道:
"We cannot continue to give China and other governments a pass on this critical issue, " he said in a statement.
他在一份聲明中表示,"在這一關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題上,我們不能繼續(xù)給予中國(guó)及其他國(guó)家開(kāi)綠燈。"
4. the Chinese telecoms equipment maker直譯就是"中國(guó)電信設(shè)備制造商",注意有the表示特指,在這里就是指"華為"。
可以記住華為的一些表達(dá)用作寫(xiě)作中的替換,如the Chinese telecoms equipment maker,Chinese tech giant等。
5. 時(shí)態(tài):注意這句話的時(shí)態(tài)。這句話中同時(shí)出現(xiàn)了多種時(shí)態(tài)。gave(過(guò)去時(shí),因?yàn)槭且呀?jīng)發(fā)生了的事情。"英國(guó)當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間1月28日,鮑里斯政府召開(kāi)會(huì)議宣布允許華為有限參與英國(guó)5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)"),has limited(強(qiáng)調(diào)政策影響),will(還沒(méi)建設(shè),以后建設(shè)的時(shí)候)。
6. 同義表達(dá):has limited the Chinese telecoms equipment maker to a market share of 35 per cent從字面理解就是"將華為限制在35%的市場(chǎng)占有份額內(nèi)",即"規(guī)定華為市場(chǎng)占有份額上限為35%"。
limit to這個(gè)表達(dá)意思是"將……限制在;限于",高齋翻碩班在講18年北航MTI翻碩真題的時(shí)候有這句:
今年初,谷歌推出了Music Beta服務(wù)。該服務(wù)僅限于美國(guó)市場(chǎng)……
Earlier this year, Google launched Music Beta, a service limited to the American market...
limited ... to a market share of 35 per cent表示"市場(chǎng)占有份額上限為35%",也可以用一個(gè)名詞性短語(yǔ)表示,可以說(shuō)The 35 per cent market share cap。
比如金融時(shí)報(bào)上這句:
The 35 per cent market share cap on "high-risk vendors" will apply to Huawei’s kit for the 5G infrastructure and its equipment for full fibre fixed line networks.
針對(duì)華為的35%市場(chǎng)占有份額上限將適用于華為的5G基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施設(shè)備和全光纖固定線路網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備。
7. kit表示"成套工具;成套設(shè)備",這里指的是華為5G設(shè)備,就是equipment的意思。
8. the sensitive "core" of the networks:核心網(wǎng)。查閱相關(guān)資料可知,核心網(wǎng)是移動(dòng)通信網(wǎng)中敏感度最高的設(shè)備。
9. 同義詞替換:exclude ... from ...是固定搭配,意思是"將……排除在外",也可以說(shuō)bar ... from ...
will exclude its kit from the sensitive "core" of the networks中,its kit中的its指代Huawei’s。這部分的意思就是"將華為設(shè)備排除在英國(guó)核心網(wǎng)之外"。
也就是說(shuō),華為只能為英國(guó)5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)的"非核心"部分提供設(shè)備,如金融時(shí)報(bào)報(bào)道:
Huawei will be able to supply "non-core" parts of Britain’s 5G networks, such as base stations, but not core elements, such as servers.
華為將能夠?yàn)橛?guó)5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)的"非核心"部分——例如基站——供應(yīng)設(shè)備,但不能提供服務(wù)器等核心元素。
"非核心"部分也可以說(shuō)"外圍部分",periphery這個(gè)詞。
所以"允許華為參與其5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)的外圍部分建設(shè)"可以說(shuō)allow Huawei a role in the radio "periphery" of networks/give Huawei the go-ahead to build non-core/elements parts of the countrys 5G network。
因此,"允許華為參與其5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)的外圍部分建設(shè),但將它排除在核心網(wǎng)之外"還可以說(shuō):
allow Huawei a role in the radio "periphery" of networks but bar it from the "core" which manages the network.
05
聽(tīng)到這個(gè),美國(guó)可是坐不住了。據(jù)倫敦和華盛頓的官員透露,特朗普在電話中對(duì)鮑里斯·約翰遜大發(fā)雷霆,《金融時(shí)報(bào)》報(bào)道:
The decision came despite repeated warnings from the US that allowing Huawei equipment in the UK’s 5G networks would put Britain at risk from spying by the Chinese state.
美國(guó)一再警告稱(chēng),允許華為設(shè)備進(jìn)入英國(guó)5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)將使英國(guó)面臨***活動(dòng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
Donald Trump vented apoplectic fury at Boris Johnson in a tense phone call overBritain’s decision to allow Huawei a role in its 5G mobile phone networks, according to officials in London and Washington.
據(jù)倫敦和華盛頓的官員透露,特朗普在一通氣氛緊張的電話中對(duì)鮑里斯·約翰遜大發(fā)雷霆,電話內(nèi)容涉及英國(guó)允許華為參與其5G移動(dòng)電話網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)的決定。
British officials with knowledge of the exchange said they were taken aback by the force of the president’s language towards Mr Johnson.
了解談話內(nèi)幕的英國(guó)官員們稱(chēng),特朗普對(duì)鮑里斯說(shuō)的話,語(yǔ)氣之重,令人震驚。
不過(guò),這也說(shuō)明,英國(guó)脫歐后英美更能達(dá)成協(xié)定了,正如經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人上所說(shuō):
The American reaction to Britain’s decision to give China’s Huawei a role in its 5G network was a foretaste of the difficulty of post-Brexit trade negotiations. Republican senators said it would make a bilateral trade deal more problematic.