丁真爆紅的背后,或許是無(wú)數(shù)次的旅游減貧嘗試
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最近網(wǎng)上流傳著一個(gè)"甜野男孩"的梗,說(shuō)的就是丁真!這位20歲的藏族小伙憑借一段不足10秒的視頻迅速走紅。對(duì)于丁真,網(wǎng)友給出了極高的評(píng)價(jià),稱其"野性與純真并存"。丁真的走紅也讓各地開(kāi)始了搶人大戰(zhàn),最后丁真簽約國(guó)企,成為理塘旅游形象大使。
這讓我想到了網(wǎng)紅背后的經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng)。一些地區(qū)嘗試?yán)镁W(wǎng)紅的這一名人效應(yīng)來(lái)促進(jìn)地方旅游業(yè)發(fā)展,進(jìn)而實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和減貧目標(biāo)。我從《南華早報(bào)》和researchfeatures等網(wǎng)站中梳理出一些內(nèi)容,今天公眾號(hào)"高齋外刊雙語(yǔ)精讀"就分享大家看看。
01
丁真
南華早報(bào)原文:His swarthy skin, big eyes, long eyelashes and thick but messy hair have proved winning features for Zhaxi Dingzhen, a 20-year-old native of a remote county in Sichuan province, after a short video of him released two weeks ago went viral on social media platform Douyin.
參考譯文:兩周前,社交媒體平臺(tái)抖音上一段有關(guān)扎西丁真的短視頻迅速走紅。丁真來(lái)自四川省一個(gè)偏遠(yuǎn)縣。黝黑的皮膚、大大的眼睛、長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的睫毛和一頭濃密而凌亂的頭發(fā),這些正是這個(gè)20歲小伙外表的迷人之處。
1. swarthy[?sw??rei]:adj. 形容人皮膚黝黑的;深膚色的。如《飄》中對(duì)巴特勒船長(zhǎng)外貌的描寫(xiě):
Scarlett felt that she would strangle at the expression on Captain Butlersswarthy piratical face.
看著巴特勒船長(zhǎng)那張海盜般黝黑的臉上的表情,思嘉只覺(jué)得自己快要給悶死了。
2. messy hair表示凌亂的頭發(fā),messy表示"凌亂的;散亂的"。反過(guò)來(lái),頭發(fā)整整齊齊英文可以說(shuō)neat hair。
3. 熟詞偏義:winning常見(jiàn)的含義是"獲勝的;贏的",今天這里考察的是它的熟詞偏義,表示"吸引人的;迷人的;可愛(ài)的",我們說(shuō)"某人臉上掛著迷人的微笑",英文就可以說(shuō)sb put on a winning smile。
4. prove有個(gè)常見(jiàn)靈活翻譯,翻譯為"是",而不是"證明",這里翻譯為證明不通順,應(yīng)該翻譯為"這些正是這個(gè)20歲小伙外表的迷人之處"。
5. 固定表達(dá):go viral是個(gè)固定表達(dá),表示(像病毒一樣)得以廣泛傳播,流行,也就是我們常說(shuō)的"迅速走紅;突然走紅;爆紅"的意思。
go viral公眾號(hào)上見(jiàn)過(guò)好幾次了,比如這篇經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人精讀:中美貿(mào)易戰(zhàn) | 考研英語(yǔ)外刊雙語(yǔ)中這句:
"If you want to talk, our door is wide open," said an anchor on China’s most-watched news programme on May 13th, in a clip that went viral. "If you want to fight, we’ll fight you to the end."
5月13日,主持人康輝在央視新聞聯(lián)播中說(shuō)道:"談,大門(mén)敞開(kāi);打,奉陪到底"。這段視頻便迅速登上熱門(mén)。
02
丁真家鄉(xiāng)——理塘縣介紹
南華早報(bào)原文:Horse racing is a traditional activity in Dingzhen’s hometown in Litang county, which is mainly inhabited by the Tibetan ethnic minority and is located at around 4,000 metres (13,120 feet) above sea level.
參考譯文:賽馬是丁真家鄉(xiāng)理塘縣的一項(xiàng)傳統(tǒng)活動(dòng)。理塘縣是少數(shù)民族藏族的一個(gè)聚居地,海拔約4000米。
1. 句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:這句主干是Horse racing is a traditional activity;which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾的是Litang county,其中is mainly inhabited by the Tibetan ethnic minority和is located at around 4,000 metres (13,120 feet) above sea level兩部分并列。
2. horse racing:賽馬。中間也可以不要空格,寫(xiě)為horseracing。
3. 固定搭配:be inhabited by表示"居住著……;是……的聚居地",如a land inhabited by the prosperous few少數(shù)富人聚居之地;is mainly inhabited by即"是……的一個(gè)聚居地"。
張培基譯《我的父母之鄉(xiāng)》中就用到了這個(gè)短語(yǔ),原句是:
我在故鄉(xiāng)走的地方不多,但古跡、僑鄉(xiāng),到處可見(jiàn)。
I did not visit all the local attractions in Fuzhou. Everywhere we could find historical relics as well as villages and towns inhabited by relatives of overseas Chinese.
4. 固定搭配:數(shù)字+ meters/feet above sea level表示海拔高度。feet是foot的復(fù)數(shù)形式,表示英尺,約等于30.48厘米。記住,表示海拔的單位通常是metes和feet。
舉個(gè)例子,海拔2300米,英文是2,300 metres above sea level。注意,英文的數(shù)字是三位一點(diǎn),"2,300"中間的逗號(hào)不能丟。
some place is located at 數(shù)字+ meters/feet above sea level可以當(dāng)作一個(gè)固定句型來(lái)記,表示這個(gè)地方的海拔高度,還可以說(shuō)some place is at an elevation of 數(shù)字+meters/feet。例如:
我的家鄉(xiāng)海拔2000米。
可以說(shuō):
My hometown is at an elevation of 2, 000 meters。
03
搶丁真,政府借力發(fā)展旅游
南華早報(bào)原文:The county’s authorities quickly sensed the opportunity brought by this new online celebrity. The state-owned Cultural Tourism Investment Development Company hired Dingzhen last week, offering him a job as "cultural ambassador" paying 3,500 yuan (US$530) a month with other benefits including insurance and a housing fund.
高齋參考譯文:理塘縣政府迅速看到了這一新晉網(wǎng)紅背后蘊(yùn)藏的商機(jī)。上周,國(guó)企理塘旅投簽約了丁真,職位是"文化旅游大使",月薪3500元,并提供保險(xiǎn)、住房公積金等福利。
1. 固定表達(dá):sense the opportunity是一個(gè)固定表達(dá),表示"洞悉機(jī)會(huì);嗅到一絲機(jī)會(huì)"。例如:投資者可能嗅到了一線機(jī)會(huì)。英文可以說(shuō)Investors might sense an opportunity.
在搶丁真這件事上,各地政府表現(xiàn)出了高度的敏感性,希望借力發(fā)展當(dāng)?shù)芈糜螛I(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)。
2. online celebrity:網(wǎng)絡(luò)名人,也就是日常所說(shuō)的"網(wǎng)紅"。也可以說(shuō)internet celebrity,online starlets,internet stars/celebrities,還可以直接用漢語(yǔ)拼音wanghong表示;在李子柒:隔離時(shí)期的田園"公主" | 紐約時(shí)報(bào)雙語(yǔ)這篇里面我們就見(jiàn)過(guò)。
3. 固定搭配:a job as+職位,表示什么樣的工作/職位。比如,一份醫(yī)生的工作a job as a hospital doctor。其中job有時(shí)候也可以用role,如20年CATTI三筆真題中這句:
Through her returnship, Ms McDonnell gained a full-time role as an operations data consultant, handling projects within service management at O2.
還有固定表達(dá)do a good job as,表示可以做好什么。
04
網(wǎng)紅帶動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展
據(jù)新聞報(bào)道,一組數(shù)據(jù)顯示,"理塘"二字的熱度從11月20日起大漲,到11月最后一周,更是猛增620%。業(yè)內(nèi)預(yù)測(cè),理塘或成元旦旅行黑馬目的地。《南華早報(bào)》中引用了理塘旅投副總經(jīng)理高小平的話,原句如下:
"His popularity is helpful for promoting Litang and Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture," Gao was quoted as saying.
高齋參考譯文:借用高小平的話來(lái)說(shuō):"丁真的走紅有利于推廣理塘縣和甘孜藏族自治州。"
1. popularity:n. 表示受歡迎,流行,走紅,人氣。外刊精讀翻譯班第2期(12月21日開(kāi)課):拼團(tuán)只需329元,適合MTI翻碩、CATTI和考研英語(yǔ)備考會(huì)講到電子書(shū)vs紙質(zhì)書(shū),其中有這樣一句話:
E-books’ declining popularity may signal that publishing, while not immune to technological upheaval, will weather the tidal wave of digital technology better than other forms of media, like music and television.
電子書(shū)受歡迎程度不斷下降,這可以說(shuō)明紙質(zhì)書(shū)雖不能免于技術(shù)變革的影響,但相比音樂(lè)、電視等其它媒體形式更能承受數(shù)字技術(shù)浪潮的沖擊。
這個(gè)declining popularity可以表示"人氣下滑;受歡迎程度下降;普及度下跌;支持率下降"等等。
2. 固定搭配:sb be quoted as saying是一個(gè)固定搭配,表示"引用某人的話來(lái)說(shuō)",后面往往跟that從句,表示具體是什么話。舉個(gè)詞典上的例子:
Engel is quoted as saying that balanced people do not become artists.
引用恩格爾的話說(shuō)就是理性的人是成不了藝術(shù)家的。
也可以像今天這個(gè)使用直接引語(yǔ),結(jié)構(gòu)為"...," sb be quoted as saying.或者sb be quoted as saying, "...".
05
旅游助力減貧
原文:Tourism has long been considered an effective vehicle of wider economic growth and development and therefore a potential means of poverty reduction. Tourism demand is linked to economic growth and economic growth reduces poverty. The primary means to poverty alleviation is through the creation of permanent jobs. The creation of tourism jobs could be achieved by increasing tourism demand. Governments have an important role to play in nurturing the indirect tourism–poverty reduction channel.
參考譯文:長(zhǎng)期以來(lái),旅游業(yè)一直被認(rèn)為是促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的有效途徑,因而成為一種潛在的減貧手段。旅游需求與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)掛鉤,經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)又可以減少貧困。減貧的主要途徑是創(chuàng)造永久性就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。創(chuàng)造旅游業(yè)就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)可以通過(guò)增加旅游需求來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。政府在培育各種間接的旅游減貧渠道方面發(fā)揮著重要作用。
1. 固定表達(dá):sb/sth has long been +名詞/adj./done,表示"sb/sth長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)/一直以來(lái)……",今天這個(gè)has long been considered+名詞的意思是"長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)被視為/被認(rèn)為是……"。
2. 固定表達(dá):an effective vehicle of 有效途徑,有效渠道,有效手段,of也可以換為for;"有效手段"還可以說(shuō)an effective means/method of。vehicle在這里不是"交通工具"的意思,它表示"工具;手段;途徑"。"一個(gè)重要手段"就可以說(shuō)a major vehicle for。如,實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)代化的一個(gè)重要手段 a major vehicle for the economic modernisation。
Tourism has long been considered an effective vehicle of wider economic growth and development and therefore a potential means of poverty reduction這句是在說(shuō)明旅游業(yè)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和減貧的重要意義,中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)上也有類(lèi)似表述:
Chinas tourism industry has become a key factor in boosting economic development and helping alleviate poverty.
3. 同義表達(dá):poverty reduction意思是"減貧",和poverty alleviation是同義表達(dá),它的動(dòng)詞形式是alleviate[??li?vie?t] poverty。
4. the creation of permanent jobs表示創(chuàng)造永久性就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì),我們常說(shuō)"創(chuàng)造更多就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)"就是create more jobs。這個(gè)在報(bào)告和白皮書(shū)中很常見(jiàn),例如這句:
大規(guī)模開(kāi)展職業(yè)技能培訓(xùn),注重解決結(jié)構(gòu)性就業(yè)矛盾,鼓勵(lì)創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動(dòng)就業(yè)。
We will launch vocational skills training programs on a big scale, give particular attention to tackling structural unemployment, and create more jobs by encouraging business startups.
5. 固定表達(dá):have an important role to play in sth/doing sth,意思是在……上發(fā)揮重要作用;扮演重要角色。
6. the indirect tourism–poverty reduction channel:注意這個(gè)indirect修飾的是channel,指間接渠道;
tourism–poverty reduction表示旅游減貧,相當(dāng)于poverty reduction through tourism,tourism-driven poverty alleviation。如中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)上說(shuō)中國(guó)的旅游減貧工作得到了國(guó)際組織的援助,原句是:
The tourism-driven poverty alleviation work has also received assistance from international organizations. For example, the World Bank financed tourism projects in provinces such as Gansu and Guizhou.
政府在培育各種間接的旅游減貧渠道,比如在大力發(fā)展鄉(xiāng)村休閑旅游,讓農(nóng)民增收,助力減貧。在CATTI 真題中"人次"怎么翻譯?| 技巧篇這篇文章中有這樣一句話:
中國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村休閑旅游在2017年共接待游客超過(guò)28億人次,收入超過(guò)7400億元(約合1100億美元)。——2019年6月CATTI真題
In 2017, Chinas rural leisure tourism received over 2.8 billion visitors, generating revenues of more than 740bn yuan ($110bn).——高齋參考譯文
西安、成都等地都在借助互聯(lián)網(wǎng)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)新方式打造"互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+旅游",成為"網(wǎng)紅"城市。為了脫貧減貧,甘孜州和理塘縣做了很多嘗試,拍了不少宣傳片,都沒(méi)有火。此次丁真爆紅,帶動(dòng)了當(dāng)?shù)芈糜螛I(yè)發(fā)展,這也是政府旅游減貧實(shí)踐中的一次成功嘗試。
講了這么多,你記住了么?千萬(wàn)不要……