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最近國內(nèi)很多地方下大暴雨，國外很多國家也是如此，如英國、德國、美國、日本、荷蘭。這次鄭州洪災(zāi)很嚴重，看得人很揪心。但災(zāi)難面前，眾志成城，身邊很多人也都有捐款，不管多少，都是一點愛心。
先分享一些和熱浪相關(guān)的同義表達和句型替換
沒有得到應(yīng)有的關(guān)注sth does not get the attention it merits，less attention is paid to sth than sth deserves：
The havoc caused by extreme heat does not get the attention it merits for several reasons.
極端高溫造成的危害沒有得到應(yīng)有的關(guān)注，這有多方面原因。
Heat waves may generate headlines, but less attention is paid to them than they deserve.
熱浪也許會成為頭條新聞，但它卻沒有得到應(yīng)有的關(guān)注。
加重疾病/提高既存疾病發(fā)病風險，造成致命危險turn...conditions lethal，kill by exacerbating ...conditions：
Moreover, deaths are not usually directly attributable to heatstroke. Soaring temperatures just turn pre-existing conditions such as heart problems or lung disease lethal.
此外，中暑通常不會直接致人死亡/死亡的直接原因通常不是中暑；氣溫持續(xù)飆升會提高心臟病、肺部疾病等既存疾病發(fā)病風險，從而造成致命危險。
Heat kills by exacerbating conditions such as heart problems, so not all the deaths it causes may be directly attributed to it.
高溫會提高心臟病等既存疾病發(fā)病風險，致人死亡，因此并非所有高溫導(dǎo)致的死亡都直接歸因于高溫。
不像颶風、洪水那樣直接損毀房屋翻譯The deaths do not involve the devastation of property as do the ravages of wind and water，Unlike storms and floods, heat does not lead to widespread damage to property：
The deaths tend to be more widely dispersed and do not involve the devastation of property as do the ravages of wind and water.
高溫致死案例往往比較分散，也不像颶風、洪水那樣直接損毀房屋。
Unlike storms and floods, heat does not lead to widespread damage to property.
與風暴和洪災(zāi)不同，高溫不會造成大范圍的財產(chǎn)損失。
再分享和暴雨洪災(zāi)相關(guān)的句型（非常全哦，建議大家收藏）
大家可以看看之前分享的這篇：《經(jīng)濟學(xué)人精讀 | 洪水肆虐，防汛形勢嚴峻！》
河南省介紹：
Henan is a particularly populous province and a major transport hub. It is also a key base for industry and agriculture. The provincial capital of Zhengzhou, with its 10-million strong population, sits on the Yellow River.
河南省是人口大省，是一個重要的交通樞紐，還是重要的工農(nóng)業(yè)基地。省會鄭州擁有1000萬人口，坐落在黃河邊。
暴雨襲擊的表達：
最常見的是Hit，其同義詞pound，lash，swamp，devastate，如：
Severe floods hit Chinas Henan province.
河南省遭嚴重洪水襲擊。（bbc）
Heavy monsoon rains have been lashing the western city of Mumbai, India’s financial capital.
印度金融首都孟買（西部城市）遭季風暴雨襲擊。（bbc）
河流水位的描述，取自Tellerreport：
According to a news from China’s Ministry of Water Resources on the 20th, due to heavy rainfall/Affected by heavy rainfall, many rivers in Henan have exceeded the alarm level/exceeded alarms./many rivers in Henan have floods above the warning level.
據(jù)中國水利部20日消息，受強降雨影響，河南多條河流超警戒水位。
Some rivers in Henan have over-historical floods/have experienced floods exceeding historical levels.
河南一些河流現(xiàn)超歷史洪水。
河流決堤：
Dozens of rivers burst/break their banks and streets flooded, causing transport disruptions in many cities.
數(shù)十條河流決堤，街道被淹，造成許多城市交通中斷。
水庫的描述：
14 reservoirs overflowed, causing flooding and landslides.
14座水庫溢流，造成洪災(zāi)和山體滑坡。（衛(wèi)報）
大壩的描述，決口和潰壩：
the dam suffered a 65-foot breach
the rainfall had caused a 20-metre breach in the Yihetan dam.（衛(wèi)報）
"a 20-meter breach" occurred in the dam/appeared in the structure, and the entire structure "could collapse at any time."/the dam might fail at any time.
大壩出現(xiàn)"20米決口"，"隨時可能潰壩"。（路透社）
降雨量的描述：
A year’s worth of rain – 640mm – fell in just three days. （衛(wèi)報）
In three days, an entire year’s worth of rain fell on the central city of Zhengzhou in Henan province.
鄭州僅三天時間降雨量達630多毫米，抵得過當?shù)爻Ｄ暌荒甑目偨邓俊?br>In three days, an entire year’s worth of rain fell on the central city of Zhengzhou in Henan province。
Zhengzhou has received what’s normally considered a year’s worth of rain in three days.
Zhengzhou has received a year’s worth of rain in three days.
In three days, the region recorded roughly the average annual rainfall.
僅三天時間，鄭州雨量幾乎達到了平均年雨量。
One hour alone saw about 20cm of rain.
At one point, the city saw about 20cm of rain in one hour.
一個小時下了20厘米。
暴雨發(fā)生的原因：
The warming climate/climate change definitely makes severe/heavy rain more likely. Higher temperatures let air hold more water vapour: for every degree Celsius of warming, the atmosphere can absorb 7% more moisture. Wetter air leads to stronger bursts of rainfall, which tends to be more destructive.
氣候變暖無疑使暴雨發(fā)生的可能性增大。更高的溫度使空氣中含有更多的水蒸氣：每升高一攝氏度，大氣就能吸收7%以上的水分。潮濕的空氣導(dǎo)致更強的降雨爆發(fā)，這往往更具破壞性。
Researchers have attributed the extreme weather sweeping the planet to the consequences of climate change.
研究人員說席卷全球的極端天氣是氣候變化的后果。
暴雨造成的影響：
造成嚴重破壞：
Record rainfall in western Europe has caused rivers to burst their banks, leaving more than 100 people dead and causing widespread damage.
歐洲西部創(chuàng)紀錄的降雨導(dǎo)致河流決堤，造成100多人死亡，造成大范圍破壞。
Tornadoes, flash floods, and hail have caused extensive damage throughout the south of the United States.
龍卷風、山洪和冰雹在美國南部造成了大范圍破壞。
US storms: Hail, tornadoes and flash floods wreak havoc.
美國風暴：冰雹、龍卷風和山洪造成嚴重破壞。
房屋遭到破壞或被淹：
Roads and buildings were damaged by landslides.
山體滑坡使得道路和建筑物遭到破壞。
A huge mudslide left homes buried under a deluge of mud.
Torrents of mud submerged homes.
巨大的泥石流導(dǎo)致房屋被淹沒。
Buildings were washed away.
房屋被洪水沖走了。
Floodwaters inundated scores of homes.
洪水淹沒了數(shù)十所房屋。
交通：
Rainstorms caused severe water logging, traffic disruptions, and power outages in Zhengzhou.
暴雨導(dǎo)致鄭州市區(qū)出現(xiàn)嚴重內(nèi)澇，交通受到嚴重影響，電力中斷。
In Zhengzhou, the city’s entire subway system has been forced to close.
在鄭州，整個城市的地鐵系統(tǒng)被迫關(guān)閉。
The subway service has been temporarily suspended.
地鐵服務(wù)已暫停。
More than 160 trains stopped services at Zhengzhoudong Railway Station, stranding a large number of passengers.
鄭州東站160余趟列車停運，造成大量旅客滯留。
淹沒地鐵，洪水沖進地鐵，乘客被困在地鐵上：
The rainfall flooded/submerged/overwhelmed the city’s subway system and prompted the suspension of inbound flights.
降雨淹沒了地鐵，并導(dǎo)致入境航班暫停。
A video shared widely over social media showed torrents of water/a deluge of water cascading through one of the city’s subway stations/cascading down stairways into one of the city’s subway stations as well as people standing waist-deep in water inside a subway train.
在社交媒體上廣泛分享的一段視頻顯示，一股洪流/一股洪水從該市的一個地鐵站瀉下/順著樓梯瀉入該市的一個地鐵站，還有一些人站在地鐵車廂齊腰深的水里。
Subway passengers were standing in chest-high muddy brown/murky, waist-deep water as torrents raged in the tunnel outside.
地鐵乘客站在齊腰深的渾濁棕色/渾濁的洪水中，外面的隧道里洪水洶涌。
In the city of Zhengzhou, terrified passengers were trapped on flooded subway trains/cars/subways.
在鄭州市，驚恐的乘客被困在被淹的地鐵上。
In the city of Zhengzhou, many were trapped on flooded underground trains.
在鄭州市，許多人被困在被淹的地下火車上。
街道被淹、道路被淹：
The torrent of rain turned streets into surging/roaring/gushing/rapidly flowing rivers/into canals and inundated subway stations and cars.
雨水把街道變成了湍急的河流，淹沒了地鐵站和汽車。
Record rainfall in central China caused severe floods that have claimed more than two dozen lives, turned city streets into gushing rivers.
創(chuàng)紀錄的降雨量造成了嚴重的洪災(zāi)，奪走了二十多條生命，城市街道變成了滔滔江河……
Flash floods have inundated roads and highways.
山洪爆發(fā)淹沒了道路和高速公路。
車輛被沖走或淹沒：
Heavy rain has caused flash floods in various parts of London, leaving cars submerged as the roads filled with water.
大雨在倫敦多個地區(qū)造成了山洪暴發(fā)，道路積水，汽車被淹沒。
Cars float like dead fish through the streets-turned-canals in the Chinese city of Zhengzhou.
在鄭州，汽車像死魚般漂浮在因洪水變成運河的街道上。
對歷史文化遺跡的破壞：
Footage on China’s social media showed the world-renowned Shaolin Temple, known for martial arts, as well as other cultural sites, badly affected.
中國社交媒體分享的航拍鏡頭顯示，以武術(shù)而聞名世界的少林寺以及其他文化遺址受到了嚴重影響。
The world-famous Shaolin Temple in Dengfeng, known for its monks’ mastery of martial arts, was forced to shut/close/were shut amid the flooding.
以僧侶精通武術(shù)而聞名的少林寺也被迫關(guān)閉。
The heavy rain has sparked concern for the Longmen Grottoes — a UNESCO World Heritage site featuring thousand-year-old Buddhist carvings in limestone cliffs.
這場大雨引發(fā)了人們對龍門石窟的擔憂。龍門石窟被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列入世界文化遺產(chǎn)名錄，在石灰?guī)r峭壁上有著千年歷史的佛教雕刻。
抗洪減災(zāi)措施：
溫暖一刻，互幫互助：
A video showed more than a dozen people supporting each other as they struggled to wade through knee-high water that was gushing through a road junction.
一段視頻顯示，十幾個人在艱難涉水時互相支撐，河水從一個路口涌出，高達膝蓋。
"Thanks to the strangers who were walking with me, dragging me as I struggled to stay standing and making sure I didn’t get washed away," she said.
她說："多虧了那些和我同行的陌生人，他們拖著我努力站著，確保我不會被沖走。"
Across social media, videos showed the severity of the flooding, with hundreds of cars floating down main streets, and crowds of people forming human chains to rescue each other from roads and flooded buildings.
通過社交媒體，視頻顯示了洪水的嚴重性，數(shù)百輛汽車在主要街道上漂浮，成群結(jié)隊的人組成人鏈，從道路和被洪水淹沒的建筑物那里互相營救。
轉(zhuǎn)移避險，搬離家園：
About 100,000 people have been relocated/moved/evacuated to safe places/shelters.
About 100,000 people have been relocated/evacuated.
當?shù)匾艳D(zhuǎn)移避險約10萬人。
救援，抗洪救災(zāi)：
Thousands of PLA soldiers, police officers and militia members have been dispatched to assist in rescue operations in Henan, the state-run People’s Daily outlet reported.
中國官方媒體《人民日報》報道，數(shù)千名解放軍士兵、警察和民兵已被派往河南協(xié)助救援行動。
Police and the army were deployed to some areas to help residents.
警察和軍隊被派往一些地區(qū)幫助居民。
Other divisions were sent out across the province to fight the floods and carry out rescues.
其他部門被派往全省各地抗洪救災(zāi)。
緊急爆破和分洪：
Early on Wednesday, a division of China’s military were sent out to the site to carry out emergency blasting and flood diversion.
星期三早些時候，中國軍隊的一個師被派往現(xiàn)場進行緊急爆破和分洪。
In a post to Weibo, a Chinese social media platform, the PLA said that troops had been sent to blast the dam and divert floodwaters.
在中國社交媒體平臺微博上的一篇帖子中，中國人民解放軍稱已派出部隊對大壩進行緊急爆破和分洪。
災(zāi)后重建困難重重：
Some worry that given the scale of the damage, the post-disaster reconstruction will be particularly challenging for one of the most populous provinces in China.
一些人擔心，考慮到破壞程度，對中國人口最多的一個省份來說，災(zāi)后重建極具挑戰(zhàn)性。